France has deployed troops to New Caledonia’s ports and international airport, banned TikTok and has imposed a state of emergency after three nights of clashes that have left four dead and hundreds wounded.
Pro-independence, largely Indigenous protests against a French plan to impose new voting rules on its Pacific archipelago have spiralled into the deadliest violence since the 1980s, with a police officer among several killed by gunfire.
In three municipalities on the French-ruled island, gendarmes faced about 5,000 rioters, including between 3,000 and 4,000 in the capital Noumea, France’s High Commissioner Louis LeFranc said in a televised press conference.
Two hundred people have been arrested, and 64 gendarmes and police injured, while road barricades put up by the protesters were causing a “dire situation” for medicine and food for the population, he added.
Four people have died in the riots, including a 24-year-old police officer.
France declared a state of emergency in New Caledonia that came in force at 5am local time (6pm Irish time yesterday), giving authorities additional powers to ban gatherings and forbid people from moving around the island.
As part of a sweeping French response, security forces placed five suspected ringleaders under house arrest, according to a statement by the high commission, which represents the French state in New Caledonia.
House searches will be carried out “in the coming hours”, it said.
TikTok ban
French Prime Minister Gabriel Attal told a crisis ministerial meeting that troops had been deployed to secure ports and the international airport, which has been closed to commercial flights.
TikTok had been banned because it was being used by rioters, he said. By this morning, AFP could identify fewer than 20 accounts related to the violence on the platform.
New Caledonia, which lies between Australia and Fiji, is one of several territories around the globe that remain largely under French control in the post-colonial era.
Colonised by France from the second half of the nineteen century, it has special status, unlike the country’s other overseas territories.
While it has on three occasions rejected independence in referendums, independence retains strong support among the Kanak people, whose ancestors have lived on the islands for thousands of years.
The state of emergency enables authorities to enforce travel bans, house arrests and searches.
Along with a night curfew, there are bans on gatherings, the carrying of weapons and the sale of alcohol.
Nearly 1,800 law enforcement officers have been mobilised and a further 500 will reinforce them, a French government spokeswoman said.
‘We need milk’
French authorities reported a third night of “clashes”, though AFP correspondents in the streets of the capital Noumea said it appeared calmer than previous nights.
White residents in some neighbourhoods sat on garden chairs, manned barricades and strung up improvised white flags, a symbol of their intention to keep peaceful watch over the streets.
Onlookers ambled around the husks of burned-out shops, navigating twisted shutters, looted shelves and discarded packaging.
“We just grabbed what there was in the shops to eat. Soon there will be no more shops,” said one woman in a suburb of the capital, who spoke on condition of anonymity.
“We need milk for the children. I don’t see it as looting,” she told AFP.
France is establishing an “air bridge”, the high commission said, to rapidly move in troop and police reinforcements but also to bring in essential supplies for the population.
In Paris, French President Emmanuel Macron offered to hold talks Thursday with New Caledonian lawmakers and called for a resumption of political dialogue.
Arson and pillaging
As people took to the streets, France’s National Assembly, 17,000km away, voted on Tuesday to allow residents who have lived in New Caledonia for ten years to cast ballots. The reform must still be approved by a joint sitting of both houses of the French parliament.
Pro-independence forces say that would dilute the vote of Kanaks, who make up about 41% of the population.
But those favouring the reform argue voter lists have not been updated since 1998 – depriving island residents who arrived after of being able to participate in provincial polls.
Macron has said French lawmakers would vote to definitively adopt the constitutional change by the end of June unless New Caledonia’s opposing sides agree on a new text that “takes into account the progress made and everyone’s aspirations”.
Pro- and anti-independence parties issued a joint statement calling for “calm and reason” to return to the archipelago, adding that “we are destined to keep living together”.
